tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-89984005972720671552024-03-13T05:45:02.768-07:00S.Well GenealogySusan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.comBlogger131125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-47430258933483870852015-06-03T09:31:00.000-07:002015-06-03T09:31:08.095-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Old British Currency
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">For
a long time, I was surprised to see information about antique British money in
UK genealogy books. Then I discovered poor law and hearth tax records. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Before or after the changes in the relief
regulations in 1834, your ancestors will appear in parish rate books either as a
poor person who received the amount of money listed or as a rich person who was
assessed money to pay relief.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The
old pound had the value of one pound of sterling silver and was divided into 20
shillings or 240 pennies. At one time, the old penny weighed 240<sup>th</sup>
of a pound. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each shilling had 12
pennies. The symbols for each were: £ for the pound, s for the shilling and d
for the penny. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In
old literature, we see references to other values such as crowns, florins, and
guineas. They equaled five shillings, two shillings and one pound plus one
shilling (£1 1s), respectively.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">I
think it is best to learn how small combinations were written because that is
what you will find in parish rate books.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">£12
10s 6d was the notation for twelve pounds, 10 shillings and 6 pennies. It was
commonly written as £12-10-6. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">10s-6d
was also written 10/6 and pronounced ‘10 and 6.’<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">10/
meant ten shillings (half a pound).<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">On
15 February 1971, British money went to the decimal system and one pound was divided
into 100 pennies or pence. The shillings were retired.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Online
you can find more information at:<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.oldbaileyonline.org/static/coinage.jsp"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.oldbaileyonline.org/static/coinage.jsp</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.victorianweb.org/economics/currency.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.victorianweb.org/economics/currency.html</span></a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/moneyold.htm"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/moneyold.htm</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-40380551246483192712015-05-20T00:30:00.000-07:002015-05-20T00:30:00.664-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Museum of London<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WklEQhASqWE/VR7ifPM2snI/AAAAAAAAAFE/DcZ4nwRXrR0/s1600/museumlogo.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WklEQhASqWE/VR7ifPM2snI/AAAAAAAAAFE/DcZ4nwRXrR0/s1600/museumlogo.png" /></a><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Some
of my older posts suggest resources for researching in London. Let me add one
of the most obvious of all – the Museum of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>London which covers all aspects of the city and
its inhabitants from pre-historic times to the present.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The
Museum of London </span></span><a href="http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.museumoflondon.org.uk</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> has two locations:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">150 London Wall,
London, EC2Y 5HN<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Museum of London
Docklands, No. 1 Warehouse, West India Quay, London, E14 4AL</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span> </div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Large
history collections are a wonderful source of information about the city where your
ancestor lived, filling in the story and background. There are a few
collections within the museum that might yield names and employment records, if an ancestor worked for such widely dissimilar employers as the
Port of London or Sainsbury supermarkets. From the museum’s main page, click ‘Collections
and Research’ to begin accessing this gold mine of information. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Besides maintaining
its displays, the MOL organizes walking tours with titles such as ‘Roman London’
and ‘Shakespeare’s London’.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Both
locations are open seven days, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. except Dec. 24-26. Admission is free.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Note: The Museum's logo is not just an example of contemporary art, it represents the city's borders through the ages.</span></span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-61084714489882944122015-05-06T00:30:00.000-07:002015-05-06T00:30:00.442-07:00Wisdom Wednesday – Lusitania Sinks 7 May 1915<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">As I mentioned a couple of weeks ago, the Lusitania sank
one hundred years ago tomorrow.</span></span> <span style="color: black;">I hope my post will beat the
deluge of bloggers commenting. This ship lives in American myth and legend. Most
historians and genealogists would love to know more and love to know the real
story.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Here
are some facts from the RMS Lusitania website:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">-Owned
by Cunard Company, Lusitania was launched of 7 Jun 1906. She<span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">would
make 101 round-trip voyages (or 202 crossings) during her 7-year-and-9-month career.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">-On
7 May 1915, there were about 2000 people on board and 1200 perished. <span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
wreck of the <i>Lusitania</i> lies at 51°25</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">′</span><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N
8</span><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">°</span><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">′</span><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">W,
about 300 feet underwater and approximately 11 miles south of the Old Head of
Kinsale, Ireland.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Vl-zQJi6zIQ/VR7zIJ-U6ZI/AAAAAAAAAFU/YZ20R8wQTM0/s1600/lusitania.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Vl-zQJi6zIQ/VR7zIJ-U6ZI/AAAAAAAAAFU/YZ20R8wQTM0/s1600/lusitania.png" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lusitania</span><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> was carrying a great number of
Americans and women and children as well as war materiel for the British
Army. The sinking of the <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Lusitania</span>
and resulting deaths of civilians and neutral nationals aboard the ship is
considered one of the first modern examples of “total war” and a turning point
in World War I.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Many
Americans believe that the <i>Lusitania</i> disaster was the tipping point that
caused this country to enter the First World War. However, most historians do
not agree. The sinking of the steamship is often credited for turning American
public opinion against the Axis Powers. Germany, fearing American wrath,
restrained itself in submarine warfare, which may have been its best chance to
win the war. “Yet, it was Germany’s very resumption of unrestricted
submarine warfare in early 1917 (in addition to the decoding of the Zimmerman
Telegram) that finally forced the United States to declare war.” From <span style="color: #558ed5; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><a href="http://www.rmslusitania.info/"><span style="color: #558ed5; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">www.rmslusitania.info</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="color: #17375e; font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #17375E; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themeshade: 191;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">I am anticipating
reading the new book timed to appear for the centennial, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dead Wake </i>by Erik Larson, the author of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Devil in the White City </i>and<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">
In the Garden of Beasts. </i>According to the review by Alexandra Alter in the
New York Times, it took Larson five years to do the research, always a good
sign. He was able to find war telegrams, love letters, diaries and autopsy
reports. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is available from the usual online and
bricks and mortar book sellers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-14518436015641052152015-04-25T00:11:00.000-07:002015-04-25T00:11:00.026-07:00Royal Newfoundland Regiment at Gallipoli
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">As I mentioned in a previous post, 25 April 2015 marks the
100<sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">th</span></sup> Anniversary of the landing of Allied forces at Gallipoli,
including forces from Britain, Australia and New Zealand. The only North
American unit in the entire 8 month long campaign was the Royal Newfoundland
Regiment (RNR) that landed later on 20 September 1915. However, today is not
Memorial Day in the province. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vpPGrnetgCE/VSVv7iaVHrI/AAAAAAAAAFk/goBf6_rAhlM/s1600/R_nfld_R_badge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vpPGrnetgCE/VSVv7iaVHrI/AAAAAAAAAFk/goBf6_rAhlM/s1600/R_nfld_R_badge.jpg" /></a><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Later in the war,
the regiment was virtually wiped out on 1 Jul 1916, the </span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">first day of the Battle of the Somme</span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.
Since then July 1 has been </span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Memorial Day</span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> in </span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Newfoundland and Labrador</span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. </span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Traditionally,
remembrance ceremonies are held in the morning, and then the day gives way to
celebrations for the nationwide holiday, Canada Day.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Britain entered World War I on 4 Aug 1914 and about 1000 men
had enlisted for the Newfoundland Regiment by the end of September. They
trained on the outskirts of St. John’s before shipping out for more training in
England and Scotland where they became part of the 29<sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">th</span></sup> Division of
the British Army. (Newfoundland was a British Dominion and not part of Canada
at the time.) <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The British and French wanted to get supplies to their
allies in Russia. Overland routes were blocked and getting past the German
north coast in the Baltic was problematic. The third route was to get supplies
through to the Russian Black Sea ports via the Dardenelles Strait controlled by
the Ottoman Empire, allies of the Germans. The Gallipoli Peninsula is at the Mediterranean
end of the north side of the Dardanelles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Conditions on the battlefield were awful with both water
shortages and weather to challenge the Allies. There was trench warfare here as
well as Europe. The RNR are renowned for capturing Caribou Hill, which the
Turks were using to snipe at the allied forces. No military breakthrough occurred
so it was decided to withdraw. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">While not arriving at Gallipoli at the beginning of the
campaign, the Newfoundland Regiment provided necessary cover on the last day as
troops pulled out, 9 Jan 1916. Thirty men had been killed or mortally wounded.
Ten more had died of disease. In one of the worst winters in decades, the
soldiers really suffered. One hundred fifty were treated for frostbite and
exposure.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">After a short rest period, the regiment would be assigned
duty in France and suffer an immense loss. In all, 6200 men served in the RNR
with 1300 dead – a very high price. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Sources: </span><a href="http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/gallipoli"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/gallipoli</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">
<o:p></o:p></span></i><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span><a href="http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/royal_newfoundland_regiment"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/royal_newfoundland_regiment</span></a><o:p></o:p></i></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-66774860539911300782015-04-15T00:05:00.000-07:002015-04-15T00:05:00.247-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: 2015 UK Military Anniversaries<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The latest Federation of Family
History Societies (FFHS) ezine reminded me that there are three significant military
anniversaries during the next ninety days! As genealogists we saw that last
year’s commemoration of the hundredth anniversary of the beginning of the First
World War gave us new databases to search. I am thinking of soldiers wills and
war diaries put online for the first time in 2014. We still have three years
before these commemorations end, presumably on 11 November 1918. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">FFHS tells us that the first two
events happened in 1915, and the third will be the two hundredth anniversary of
the Battle of Waterloo, famous in history as well as language and song. You can
subscribe to this free online magazine </span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><a href="http://www.ffhs.org.uk/">here</a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This issue highlighted these events:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol>
<li>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"> The Gallipoli Landings (April 1915) <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The Sinking of the Lusitania ( 7 May 1915)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> T</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">he Battle of Waterloo (18 Jun 1815) <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong>The Gallipoli Landings<o:p></o:p></strong></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: small;">While all countries involved will
recognize this centennial, it will be significant for Australians and New
Zealanders as they join together to remember the Gallipoli campaign, which
marks the first major military action fought by the Australian and New Zealand Army
Corps (ANZAC) during World War I. The battle involved more than 550,000 Allied
troops on land and in ships off the coast of Turkey and lasted more than eight
months. Troops first landed on April 25, known in Australia and New Zealand as ANZAC
Day. This year there will be a Commonwealth and Ireland ceremony at the Helles
Memorial in Turkey, the site of the largest ANZAC commemoration outside of
Australia and New Zealand.</span> <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“In London, there will be three
separate events taking place on the 25 April. For details please visit the </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue;">Australian High Commission (UK)website</span></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Please visit the </span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/goog_717038406" target=""><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue;">Australian Memorial website</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">for details of ceremonies taking
place, exhibitions and links to ‘The Anzac Collections Project’ where you can
read stories of ordinary people caught up in the extraordinary events of the
war. For details of ANZAC commemorations in New Zealand, please visit the </span><a href="http://www.anzac.govt.nz/gallipoliguide/index.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue;">New Zealand Government website</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: small;">which includes a useful and
informative ‘Guide to Gallipoli’. “ (FFHS)<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Note: The only North American
unit in this battle was from Newfoundland, then a British dominion and not part of Canada. Information about the role of the Newfoundland Regiment can be found at </span></i><a href="http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/gallipoli"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue;">www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/gallipoli</span></span></i></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>The Sinking of the Lusitania<o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">“The sinking of RMS Lusitania occurred on 7 May 1915; an
event regarded as having been a turning point of the First World War. The ship
was torpedoed by the German U-boat U20 and is reported to have gone down in 18
minutes off the coast of Ireland. The sinking was a contributory factor to the
American entry into World War One. Of the known 1,960 people on board, 768
survived and 1,192 perished in the disaster…The Lusitania Resource website
contains much information on its history, Passenger & Crew Biographies, and
Lusitania Facts..." (FFHS) </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">To read some very poignant
biographies, please visit </span><a href="http://www.rmslusitania.info/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.rmslusitania.info</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.” This website seems to be the best on the subject. On the home page, the
menu on the left lets you choose passenger list, crew list, survivors, victims,
stowaways…plus a few more categories. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p>Note: A new book about the Lusitania is topping the non-fiction charts even though it has not been released, as I write this. It is <em>Dark Wake</em> by Erik Larsson, the very successful author of <em>The Devil in the White City</em> and <em>In the Garden of Beasts</em>. </o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>The Battle of Waterloo<o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The phrase 'meet your Waterloo' has been with us since the fateful day in June 1815. In commemoration of the bicentenary of Waterloo, the 2015 issue of FFHSs </span><em><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">‘really useful information
leaflet’</span></em><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> contains an article by military historian, Simon Fowler,
which will assist you in researching those who fought in the Napoleonic Wars. <span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK ";"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><u><span style="color: blue;">Download the
leaflet here</span></u></span></span> </span><a href="http://www.ffhs.org.uk/rul-2015-03.pdf"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.ffhs.org.uk/rul-2015-03.pdf</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.
<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-6827211057270951292015-03-30T00:30:00.000-07:002015-03-30T07:32:24.628-07:00Tuesday's Tip: The Domesday Book<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">A person asked me at last month’s
meeting of my UK Gen Research group, “What is the Domesday Book?” To my surprise, I remembered the basics: it’s a list of landholders recorded during
the reign of William, the Conqueror which began in 1066. Not bad, but here are more
details:</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What is the Domesday Book?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It is a listing of landholders
and values in England in 1086 ordered by William the Conqueror, which contains
information for that year and 1066, the year of the conquest.</span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Why is it important to history and genealogy?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It is “the oldest survey of land,
owners and occupiers in Britain.” (Herber)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What information is included?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Technically the land was all
owned by the sovereign until he/she granted ownership or tenancy to a major
tenant. In return the tenant could lease land to a subtenant who could further
subdivide it. Everyone in the chain owed the king or queen soldiers in time of
war and/or other payment or service. This is the essence of the feudal system. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">The Domesday Book is a listing of
more than 13,000 land holders at the major tenant and sub-tenant level. There are few, if
any, ordinary people.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What area is covered?<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">There are two volumes. The first,
called Little Domesday, covers the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex.
Great Domesday, covers the rest of England, except London and Winchester and the counties in the
north; Northumberland, Cumberland, Durham, and northern Westmoreland.</span>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What would an entry for a parish contain?<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Thanks to Mark Herber’s book, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ancestral Trails</i>, page 673, we know that
the entry for Dunsford, Devon translates from the original Latin:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Saewulf holds DUNFORD. He held it himself before 1066. It paid tax for
1 virgate of land. Land for 1 plough. 3 smallhoolders, pasture, 20 acres. Value
40d</span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><em> </em><strong>For more information go to the website </strong></span><a href="http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/"><strong><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">www.domesdaybook.co.uk</span></strong></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"> It has the list of names from the book.</span> <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What do the experts say? How can genealogists use the information? <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">“You are most
unlikely to trace your ancestry to persons named in Domesday, unless you find a
link to nobility, but it is fun to read entries, over 900 years old, about
places in which your ancestors lived.” (Herber)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="background: white; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">“Information about
ordinary people's lives does exist, but it often occurs in records created for
other purposes.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>In general,
archival records contain information about wealthier landowning members of
society, so most ordinary people are less well documented.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Before 1538, when parish registers
began, births, baptisms, marriages, deaths and burials were not officially
recorded, though some notes may have been kept by the priest.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>However, many other records which
contain genealogical information start well before 1538, and continue long after.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(The National Archives)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="background: white; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">I am not an expert but…the
earliest English ancestors who I can document are a man and woman married about 1575.
I would need to trace back another 500 years +/- to get to 1066. It seems like
a daunting task, going well before Henry the VIII required records be kept. I
would need a miracle or a connection to nobility, both highly unlikely.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="background: white; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">For more optimistic information
about genealogy at the turn of the last millennium, check the websites for
medieval genealogy and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy listed below.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Sources:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Herber, Mark. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ancestral Trails</i>. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing
Company, 2006.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.medievalgenealogy.org.uk/"><span style="background-color: white; color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">www.medievalgenealogy.org.uk</span></a><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/"><span style="background-color: white; color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">www.domesdaybook.co.uk</span></a><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.nationalarchives.org.uk/records/research-guides/medieval-sources-for-family-history.htm"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">www.nationalarchives.org.uk/records/research-guides/medieval-sources-for-family-history.htm</span></a><br />
<o:p><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span></o:p><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://www.fmg.ac/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">www.fmg.ac</span></a><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- Foundation for Medieval Genealogy</span></span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-76727780918751774462014-12-17T00:11:00.000-08:002014-12-17T00:11:00.383-08:00Wisdom Wednesday: London in 1700 <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></b><br />
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-asGQ92yxMbM/VG-AQ-B011I/AAAAAAAAAEE/iFMkTrX0dN0/s1600/1700london.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-asGQ92yxMbM/VG-AQ-B011I/AAAAAAAAAEE/iFMkTrX0dN0/s1600/1700london.jpg" /></a><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Waller,
Maureen. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">1700: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Scenes from London Life</i>. New York: Four
Walls Eight Windows, 2000.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Most
of my English ancestors are from rural areas. What I know about London life I
learned from Oliver Twist and Tim Cratchit. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I needed a book to fill in some details and
found the one above at a used book sale. The first five chapter headings were
intriguing and should catch the eye of all genealogists: marriage, childbirth,
childhood, disease and death.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
I am not surprised to find that the author wrote an entire book about marriage <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">after
reading the first few pages of this book’s ‘Marriage’ chapter. She points out
the constraints put on marrying couples by the church, including the costs. People
were put off by the reading of the banns, seeing them as an invasion of
privacy. Since this practice continued into my lifetime in my childhood church,
I never really gave it any thought. Waller describes the
clandestine marriage mills in London where about one-third of the ceremonies in
1700 were performed, in order to avoid the church requirements.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Waller later wrote a book that used all
the information she gathered about London in 1700 called <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ungrateful Daughters: The Stuart Princesses Who Stole Their Father’s
Crown. </i>This book is about the Glorious Revolution of 1688, Mary II and
Queen Anne whose reign ended in 1714.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> Other
books by Maureen Waller:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The English Marriage: Tales of Love, Money and Adultery<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">London 1945: Life in the Debris of War<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A Family in Wartime: How the Second World War Shaped the Lives of a Generation<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ungrateful Daughters: The Stuart Princesses Who Stole Their Father’s Crown<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Sovereign Ladies: Sex, Sacrifice and Power – The Six Reigning Queens of England</span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span></span></i><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">All of the books are available on amazon.com.</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-29455528724197246182014-12-03T00:01:00.000-08:002014-12-03T07:11:11.115-08:00Wisdom Wednesday: Welsh Surnames <span class="productauthor1"><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #737373;">Rowlands, John and Sheila. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Surnames of Wales</i></b></span><span style="color: #737373;">. Baltimore:
Genealogical Publishing Company, 2014. (New Edition) $39.95 </span></span></span><a href="http://www.genealogical.com/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri; font-size: large;">www.genealogical.com</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Grv3CLgnpSg/VDQN17XidJI/AAAAAAAAADw/QmFsjmSx7bw/s1600/genrowlandswelshbook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Grv3CLgnpSg/VDQN17XidJI/AAAAAAAAADw/QmFsjmSx7bw/s1600/genrowlandswelshbook.jpg" /></span></a><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span class="productauthor1"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;"><span style="color: #737373;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;">First published in 1996 and recently revised in a new edition, <i>The Surnames of Wales</i> has been considered the go-to
guide on this subject. The publisher promises a new updated and expanded
resource seeking to dispel many of the myths that surround names in Wales. <span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">It is illustrated by evidence taken from a survey involving more than 270,000 surnames found in parish records throughout the country. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: large; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There
are four new chapters including </span><span style="color: #202020; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">a groundbreaking survey and glossary of Welsh given games, an important
addition to the text because the geographical distribution of given names can
provide clues to the origins of early patronymic surnames.</span></span><span style="color: #202020; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: large;">From the publisher: The first chapters “give a historical
overview of Welsh names, dealing in particular with the patronymic naming
system and the gradual adoption of surnames. The central chapters include a
comprehensive survey of Welsh surnames and an all-important glossary of
surnames…also show[ing] the distribution and incidence of surnames throughout
Wales. The final chapters cover the distribution of surnames derived from the ‘ap’
prefix, the incidence of surnames derived from Old Testament names, and surname
evidence for the presence of people of Welsh origin in populations outside
Wales.”</span> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-2270393632921264442014-11-19T00:30:00.000-08:002016-05-01T12:53:25.606-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Colonial UK Immigrants<span style="font-family: "calibri";">In the Spring, I wrote four blog
posts that described distinct immigrant groups that settled in various parts of
the original thirteen colonies. These posts were based on a book by
genealogist, William Dollarhide. He felt that if you knew where your ancestor
settled in the colonies, you could
narrow the range of places he could have come from in the UK. My posts dates and topics are:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>26
Feb 2014 - British Origin of U.S. Colonists (New England Puritans)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>12
Mar - UK Origins of Virginia Cavaliers<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>26
Mar - Quakers from the North Midlands<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>9<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Apr -
Scottish/English Borderlands to Rural America<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<i>Referencce:</i><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">Dollarhide, William. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">British Origins of American Colonists, 1629-1775</i>. Bountiful, Utah: Heritage Quest Genealogical Services, division of AGLL, Inc., 1998. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><o:p></o:p></span></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">-A much expanded discussion of the four group's influence on American culture can be found in the following book:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Fischer, David Hackett. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">I found this book which uses the same four colonial groups described by Dollarhide to illustrate the history of American culture as it has changed through time. It argues that our original British folkways underlie most of our regional cultures. Oxford press states, Americans “have assimilated regional cultures which were created by British colonists, even while preserving ethnic identities at the same time.” <o:p></o:p></span></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
</div>
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">-</span>This Fall I was asked to speak on a topic where a summary of the above information would be helpful so I developed this chart:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
</div>
<br />
<table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin: auto 6.75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-table-anchor-vertical: page; mso-table-left: center; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: 108.05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1056;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19.95pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: rgb(122, 122, 122); border-color: white; border-style: solid; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt; height: 19.95pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Groups</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(122, 122, 122); border-color: white white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt 0px; height: 19.95pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dates</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(122, 122, 122); border-color: white white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt 0px; height: 19.95pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">To </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(122, 122, 122); border-color: white white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt 0px; height: 19.95pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">From </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.65pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Puritans</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1629-1640</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">New England</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">East Anglia (50%)</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.65pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cavaliers</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1641-1675</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Chesapeake Bay</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">West Country & London</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.65pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Quakers</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1675-1715</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Delaware Valley</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(215, 215, 215); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">North Midlands (67%)</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.65pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Scots/Irish</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1717-1775</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Rural Areas/ Borders</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(236, 236, 236); border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) white white rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 1.0pt; padding: 0.05in 0.1in;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: 108.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">English/Scottish Border + N Ireland</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-50924979088115887832014-11-05T00:34:00.000-08:002015-03-27T18:29:51.024-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Eagle Lecterns in the Church of England<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Unfortunately,
I recently attended a funeral at an Episcopal church in New England, and I noticed the
beautiful lectern with a shiny metal eagle holding the bible on its backs with its
wings spread. Being Lutheran by birth, I had not noticed a similar one until a
1997 trip to England, where all the parishes I visited in Norfolk had a similar
“bookstand.” I decided to find out about the history and symbolism.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">According
to Stephen Friar, there are three types of lecterns in use in the Church of
England. The first is a two- to four-sided revolving stand supported by a
pillar. The second is a modern version of the first – a one-sided desk made
in the 19<sup>th</sup> or 20<sup>th</sup> century. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The
third and most often found is an eagle with outstretched wings made of wood or
brass, the symbol of St. John who used the words ‘soared up into the presence
of Christ’ in the New Testament books attributed to him. The bird’s open wings
are functional for holding the bible or other liturgical books, but also
symbolize carrying forth the word of God. Its feet are often resting on a globe or orb. Rarely, the bird might be a pelican, the
mythical symbol of Christ. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Medieval
eagles are rare but Victorian Eagles are plentiful. Because of my Norfolk roots, I was happy to note that
there was a fifteenth century East Anglican ‘school’ of artists who exported
eagles to other parts of Britain and the continent. Here is a wooden example from St. Lawrence's Church, Biddulph, Staffordshire:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZVtsPtTXOIQ/VCW2DCuki2I/AAAAAAAAADg/uil50jnrO74/s1600/eaglelectern.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZVtsPtTXOIQ/VCW2DCuki2I/AAAAAAAAADg/uil50jnrO74/s1600/eaglelectern.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Source:
Friar, Stephen. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Companion to the
English Parish Church</i>. London: Chancellor Press, 2000.<o:p></o:p></span></span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-72640779504840820362014-10-15T00:30:00.000-07:002014-10-15T00:30:02.536-07:00Wisdom Wednesday - Genealogy in a UK Graveyard<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Genealogists are interested in cemeteries, in part, because
of the information on the gravestones themselves and in any written records
maintained by the graveyard owner. When looking for information from an English
graveyard, I think North Americans have heard many rumors before they even
begin the process. They bury people one atop the other…they remove the
gravestones of the first burials…and so on. What is the real story?<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Visiting a
UK parish church is an experience like no other. In almost all rural settings
the church appears to be in the center of a cemetery. The graveyard is not
confined to the space behind the building, as in North America. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In the past,
all of the church ground was not considered consecrated. Until the last
century, there was a common practice to bury the ‘good’ people on the south
side of the church and the others on the shadowy north side. Those who took
their own lives or the lives of others were buried on the unconsecrated north
side, which also was used for secular activities such as games, festivals, and
fairs in the 1600s and 1700s. Less charming were the cockfights also held there.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Until the
eighteenth century, corpses were usually buried in a fabric shroud. As bodies
decomposed, they would take less space. Because more people qualified to be on
the south side, the land there may be higher than on the north side. Both facts
lend some credence to the belief that more than one body was placed in what we
think of as one plot, perhaps one atop the other. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Overcrowding was and is an issue. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Today more than 70 percent of those who die in
the UK are cremated. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Notes: In
1667 and confirmed again in 1678, the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">shroud
needed to be made of pure wool</b>. The Wool Acts were intended to promote and
support the wool industry. Clergy and later, the family needed to certify that
the shroud was woolen or a fine would be levied. These acts were repealed in
1814. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some parishes owned a casket for
the body that was used during the service.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Gravestones </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">became popular in the seventeenth
century. The earliest in today’s churchyards often date from the eighteenth
century. The stones are considered the property of the person who erected it,
and defacing a stone is considered trespass. Check with the parish clergy to
see if there is a map or burial records for you to read and to see what the
rules and regulations are.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Many local
family history societies have <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">recorded
the inscriptions on the gravestones</b> and these are available online at the
society’s website. You may need to be a member to access the records online,
but the dues are usually less than £20 per year.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Source:
Friar, Stephen. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Companion to the
English Parish Church</i>. London: Chancellor Press, 2000.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-75949393693459337482014-10-08T00:38:00.000-07:002014-10-09T07:05:48.030-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: 1875 Scottish Valuation Rolls<span style="color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">In
late September, Scotland’s People announced that the Valuation Rolls for 1875
were now on their website <a href="http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/"><span style="color: blue;">www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk</span></a>.
The index, covering all of Scotland, can be browsed free of charge until the 31
December 2014. </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">You can search by name of property owners, tenants and occupiers
plus by addresses across all of Scotland from 1875 to 1915, at ten year
intervals and also 1920. This search often can reveal valuable information about your
ancestors between census years. “The latest addition comprises over 900,000
index entries and almost 72,000 digital images taken from 141 volumes of
Valuation Rolls.”</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">A valuation roll which
is essentially the same as an assessor’s list or a county appraiser’s list puts
a value on real estate for tax purposes. At a minimum you can expect the owner’s
name, the address and value placed on the property. You might find much more
such as the acreage and a description of the land.</span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-8750847298397914262014-10-01T00:30:00.000-07:002014-10-01T00:30:00.844-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Quakers, Methodists and Irish Presbyterians <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The British “Federation of Family History Societies”
ezine appeared in my email box recently. It was full of help for researchers whose
anccestors did not belong to the Church of England. If you are not receiving
this newsletter directly, please go to the Federation website, </span><a href="http://www.ffhs.org.uk/newsletters/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.ffhs.org.uk/newsletters/</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and subscribe. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Below
is a summary of this month’s religion-related articles about Quakers, Methodists
and Irish Presbyterians:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The
Quaker Family History Society -</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Quakers
became a well-organized and influential group keeping records from the late
1650s, and it was about 50,000 strong in 1660s Britain. “The Quaker Family
History Society was formed in 1993 to encourage and assist anyone interested in
tracing the history of Quaker families in the British Isles. We are…open to all
with a worldwide membership of around 200.” The group works with Friends House
Library in London, one of the main repositories relating to Quakers and their
activities.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">QFHS meets three times a year,
including once in London, for all day seminars. “All new members receive a
starter’s information pack, and members receive the magazine ‘Quaker
Connections’, three times a year with articles, queries and members’ interests.
The Society also maintains a Rootsweb Mailing List </span><a href="http://www.qfhs.co.uk/public_html/society/QBI.htm" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">QUAKER-BRITISH-ISLES</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.”
For more information, check the website at </span><a href="http://www.qfhs.co.uk/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.qfhs.co.uk</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Early Stages of the
Quaker Movement in Lancashire - </span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
you have Quaker ancestors from Lancashire, you may be interested in the book,
‘Early Stages of the Quaker Movement in Lancashire’ written by Rev. B
Nightingale, a prolific writer whose other titles include Lancashire
Nonconformity. A PDF copy of the book which includes many names can be viewed
or downloaded free at <a href="http://www.archive.org/"><span style="color: blue;">www.archive.org</span></a>. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 714px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0.75pt; width: 532.5pt;" width="710">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Museum of Methodism
- </span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <a href="http://www.wesleyschapel.org.uk/museum.htm" target="_blank"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">museum</span></a>
which is housed at Wesley’s Chapel, </span><span class="xbe"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">49 City Rd,</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> London, tells the
history of Methodism from John Wesley to the present day and its contribution
to shaping Britain’s political and social history. The building, built in
1778, is still in use today as a place of worship. <a href="http://www.wesleyschapel.org.uk/house.htm" target="_blank"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">John
Wesley’s house</span></a> stands next to the chapel. For further information,
check <a href="http://www.wesleyschapel.org.uk/museum.htm"><span style="color: blue;">www.wesleyschapel.org.uk/museum.htm</span></a>.
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 675px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0.75pt; width: 503.25pt;" width="671">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Presbyterian
Church in Ireland - </span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you have Irish
ancestors who you believe may have been Presbyterian, it is worth looking
at the <a href="https://www.presbyterianireland.org/about-us/historical-information/church-records" target="_blank"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">website</span></a> of the Presbyterian Church in
Ireland <a href="http://www.presbyterianireland.org/"><span style="color: blue;">www.presbyterianireland.org</span></a>,
where you will find a lot of useful information about where to find copies
of church records and how to extend your research. It is worth noting that
The North of Ireland Family History Society has a very active group of
volunteers transcribing church records which include those from many of the
Presbyterian and Methodist Churches. The society offers a ‘Look Up’ service
for members unable to visit the Society Library. For details about the
society and how to join, visit them at <a href="http://www.nifhs.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">nifhs.org</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
</span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 675px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0.75pt; width: 503.25pt;" width="671"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span> </div>
<br />Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-26372010102502003582014-09-17T00:57:00.000-07:002014-09-17T00:57:00.695-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Finding Electoral Registers
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Last but not least, let’s talk about where to find an
electoral register. The source for these records on a national basis is the
British Library, 96 Euston Road, London, </span><a href="http://www.bl.uk/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.bl.uk</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">
which has a partnership with </span></span><a href="http://www.findmypast.co.uk/"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.findmypast.co.uk</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. The website has begun its
digitization in 1832 and is moving forwards.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tab-stops: 149.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beginning with 1947, the British Library has a complete set
of registers for the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A complete list of their
holdings is in a publication titled, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Parliamentary
Constituencies and Their Registers Since 1832</i>, which also includes earlier
burgess rolls and poll books. Once in hard copy, it can now be downloaded at </span></span><a href="http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/finhelprestype/offpubs/electreg/parliamentary/constituenncies.html"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.bl.uk/reshelp/finhelprestype/offpubs/electreg/parliamentary/constituenncies.html</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Because of concerns about identity theft and commercial use
of the lists, restrictions apply to the electoral registers from the past ten
years.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tab-stops: 149.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Having voting information after 1832 is not always helpful to
American genealogists because it is just too late. Locations of earlier records
can be found in the following pamphlets:<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gibson,
Jeremy and Colin Rogers Gibson. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Poll
Books c. 1696-1872, a directory of holdings in Great Britain.</i> Birmingham,
UK: Federation of Family History Societies, 1994. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gibson,
Jeremy and Colin Rogers. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Electoral
Registers since 1832and burgess rolls. </i>Birmingham, UK: Federation of Family
History Societies, 1990. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Check on purchasing
copies at </span></span><a href="http://www.ffhs.org.uk/"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.ffhs.org.uk</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. Even the British Library states that if the early roll you
need is not listed in one of the above, “it may well be that no copies of the
register sought survive.”<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-78399793967504456202014-09-03T00:53:00.000-07:002014-09-03T00:53:00.344-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: UK Voter Disqualifications
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In my last
post, I mentioned very generally who would be included in the election records
because they were qualified to vote by age and land ownership or tenancy, above
a certain assessed value or rental amount. In the Gibson and Rogers booklet cited below, there
is a nice list of who was disqualified and that may be a better beginning
point. You simply will <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">not</b> find your
ancestors if they fall into any of the categories listed. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">occupations</b> that disqualified a
potential voter will surprise North Americans.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> -</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Before
1887, active policemen, while serving and six months after leaving the force.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Before
1918, election agents and other paid election workers; postmasters; those
receiving welfare, their spouses or children; collectors of government
revenues.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Less surprising to North Americans
are these types of non-voters. </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">People who were and are not allowed to vote in the UK and who
also might not be allowed to vote in some U.S. states<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>includes:<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>aliens <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> people with mental disorders <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">anyone serving a prison sentence (UK laws prohibit anyone
convicted of election bribery from voting for five years after the crime.) <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A purely British reason for
disqualification</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> was
being a conscientious objector between 1918 and 1923. Another is being a
peer. On the other hand, peeresses were allowed to vote by the reform bill of
1918 but the right was taken away again in 1963.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gibson,
Jeremy and Colin Rogers. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Electoral
Registers. </i>Birmingham, UK: Federation of Family History Societies, 1990. </span></span><a href="http://www.ffhs.org.uk/"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.ffhs.org.uk</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-12835568174308966912014-08-20T00:46:00.000-07:002014-08-20T00:46:00.436-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: UK Voting Records – An Introduction
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This post is
the first in a series about voters’ records in the UK. Because they list
addresses, the members of a family of voting age, and land ownership and
leasing details, genealogists can use them as an alternative to the census and
to further their understanding of land records. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The United
Kingdom has kept voting records, called Poll Books, Burgess Books or Rolls, and
Electoral Registers, depending on the time period. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Poll books</b> are generally early records of those who voted and how
they voted in <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">parliamentary</b>
elections. Secret ballots did not begin until 1872. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Burgess books or rolls </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">listed the freemen of a borough who
were often entitled to vote for members of parliament and for members of the
borough corporation. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Note: A borough is a</i></span><span class="definition"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="definition"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">self-governing</span></i></span><span class="definition"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="definition"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">place with a
corporation and privileges granted by a royal charter. This term has wider uses
today; see </span></i></span></span><a href="http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borough"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borough</span></span></i></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><u><span style="color: blue;">.</span></u></span></i></span><span class="definition"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Since 1832, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">electoral registers</b> of people eligible
to vote in <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">parliamentary</b> elections
have been compiled annually, with the exception of the war years: 1916-1917,
1940-1944. They were compiled twice a year from 1919 to 1926 and again from
1945 to 1949. Registers for voters in local elections were kept was well, such
as those for county council kept since 1889.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Voting was
not secret?! Before telling you how to find these registers and books, it may help
to discuss the differences in voting between the UK and North America because
they can be distracting when working with this data.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Voting
Age<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Until 1971, men
could vote when they reached age 21. Since then, the voting age is reduced to 18
years. The exceptions were soldiers and sailors age 19 and 20 after World War
I. Women over age 30 got the vote in 1918. That age was reduced to 21 in 1928
and 18 in 1971.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Qualifications<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Who was
qualified to vote varied between the counties and the boroughs in the UK, and
the various boroughs had customs that widely varied with each other. To be
simplistic, citizens could vote if they were of legal age, and owned or rented
property, based on the value of the real estate or the amount of rent paid. The
necessary values were changed over time.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Plural
Voting<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">You might
find an ancestor on more than one voting list and wonder how that can be. In
1948, ‘One man, One vote’ became the law of the land. Before that year, there
were three geographic categories; residence, business and university. You could
vote in all three before 1918 and between 1918 and 1948, in two of the three. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">_____________.
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">UK Electoral Registers and Their Uses. </i>London:<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>British Library, Social Sciences
Collection Guides, Official Publications. </span></span><a href="http://www.bl.uk/socialsciences"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.bl.uk/socialsciences</span></span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gibson,
Jeremy and Colin Rogers. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Electoral
Registers. </i>Birmingham, UK: Federation of Family History Societies, 1990. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Herber,
Mark. Ancestral Trails. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company,
2006.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-35324416350053344662014-08-06T00:31:00.000-07:002014-08-06T00:31:00.576-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Gretna Green Elopement
<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In the second season of <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downton_Abbey" title="Downton Abbey"><span style="color: blue;">Downton
Abbey</span></a></i>, Lady Sybil Crawley and the chauffeur, Tom Branson, headed for
Gretna Green, Scotland, with plans to elope. Since Lord Grantham’s estate is in
Yorkshire, if any of us North American’s were listening carefully, it probably
seemed they were just heading for the nearest border where marriage laws were
different. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Indeed that was the case, but people came from further
away to marry in this first town inside Scotland on the main road from London
to Edinburgh. In fact, the phrase “Gretna Green Elopement” came to mean any
marriage ceremony performed without complete parental approval away from the
local parish church. The village today advertises itself to couples wanting a
destination wedding, similar to Las Vegas without the neon. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">For genealogists with English families, it might pay to
look at the Scottish records if you are having trouble finding a marriage in
the south. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">In 1754, the Hardwicke Marriage Act declared that brides
and grooms under age 21 needed parental approval and all weddings needed to be
performed in a Church of England. However, the laws of Scotland differed and
much younger teens could marry without permission.</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">About fifteen years later, Gretna Green
had become the border town most known for these ceremonies.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Scottish law allowed for "irregular marriages",
meaning that if a declaration was made before two witnesses, almost anybody had
the authority to conduct the marriage ceremony. The blacksmiths in Gretna
became known as "anvil priests" because the blacksmith’s shop was at
the main crossroads in town, and the smithie performed so many marriages over
his anvil. (wikipedia, Gretna Green) <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-6452545023059047712014-07-23T10:42:00.000-07:002014-07-23T10:42:33.524-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Scottish Games and Festivals
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Last
weekend, I went to my local highland games. I am still humming the tune played
by all of the pipe bands in the competition. While I didn’t spend a lot of time
doing genealogy, I could have.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">These games featured
a tent with genealogists from the Mormon Church who were doing individual counseling.
They did two workshops during the day, one “Basics of Genealogy” and the other “Genealogy
and Your Scottish Records.” Not all games will have this element, but if you
are headed to one, check the schedule on their website before you leave home.
Only pack your genealogy notes and questions, if you can consult with a genealogist.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">On the other
hand, every Scottish festival has clan tents or booths. These are almost always
together and separate from the vendors and food purveyors. Most of the booths
have some info for family researchers, if only a map* and list of septs (branch
families). I saw some pedigree charts Saturday so some genealogy was taking
place. I did observe that visitors had to talk to the clans people and not wait
for them to begin the conversation. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">As my program
said, in that combination of English and Scottish perhaps spoken or written
only in North America:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">“Search for
a bit o’ yer ancestry ‘neath ane o’ the mony clan tents.”<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">For
information about the larger highland games that might be near you, consult the
website of the Association of Scottish Games and Festivals: </span><a href="http://www.asgf.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.asgf.org</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. Next year’s Glasgow Lands Scottish
Festival will be in Look Park, Northampton, Massachusetts Saturday, 18 July 2015,
</span><a href="http://www.glasgowlands.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.glasgowlands.org</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">* To find
where your surname is most prevalent in Scotland, consult the Great Britain
surname project, University College, London, at </span><a href="http://www.gbnames.publicprofiler.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.gbnames.publicprofiler.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-82431829147274028872014-04-16T00:30:00.000-07:002014-04-16T00:30:04.525-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Easter Books
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The happy
holiday of Easter in Britain was the traditional date for paying the required ‘dues’
or tithes to the parish coffers. This was convenient because Easter nearly
coincided with the beginning of the calendar year until 1752. Before that date,
the first day of the year was Mar 25, Lady Day, celebrating the conception of
Jesus (nine months before Christmas). In most parishes, each person was
accessed two pence from the lord of the manor to his humblest servant. Another
tithe based on ability to pay was collected at the same time. The practice was
stopped by national legislation in 1836.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Records were
kept in Easter books or rolls. There is quite a bit of variation among the
parishes about what was collected and what was recoded. Some books have
alphabetical lists of what was owed while others list the amounts paid in the
order in which the money was received. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In 1989, Sue
Wright wrote two articles about the Easter Books that are now downloadable as
PDFs at </span></span><a href="http://www.localpopulationstudies.org.uk/authoridx.htm"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.localpopulationstudies.org.uk/authoridx.htm</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. The first article describes the
records and the second one lists the books that exist and where they were archived.
Now the first place to look is the holdings of the local County Records Office
(CRO).</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Happy
Easter!<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-51234298341620977202014-04-09T00:24:00.000-07:002014-04-09T18:28:41.068-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Scottish/English Borderlands to Rural America<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">From 1717 to
1775, 275,000 people came from the border counties in England and Scotland to settle
the northern and western areas of the American colonies. Some acted as a buffer between
the Native Americans and the settlers on the seacoast. The skills and
mindset from over 700 years of violence on the English/Scottish border served
them well.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">During the reign
of KIng James I of England (James VI of Scotland) from 1603-1625, the first
king of all of Great Britain gave people in the border area peerages and land
in Northern Ireland to try to calm the troubles. Thus the Scots/Irish were
created. They are not welcomed by the Irish, and as we know, there are still problems
today.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">One way to avoid
the troubles was to emigrate. One hundred fifty thousand people came from ports
in Northern Ireland in the sixty years before the American Revolution. The seaports were Belfast,
Londonderry, Newry, Larne and Portrush. Another 75,000 came from ports in
Scotland including Wigtown and Kirkcudbright. The northern English ports where
another 50,000 immigrants departed were Liverpool, Maryport, Morecambe and
Whitehaven. These immigrants had two things in common. First, they all lived on
or near the Irish Sea, the body of water between Great Britain and Ireland, or
they were former residents of that area or the borderlands<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A study of
the surnames in the 1790 U.S. Census showed that these immigrants went to all
the colonies except the small coastal places - Connecticut, Rhode Island and
Delaware. The largest concentration was in southwestern Pennsylvania, and
western Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. Later
their descendants would settle in large number in Alabama, Mississippi and
Louisiana.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Source: </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Dollarhide, William. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">British
Origins of American Colonists, 1629-1775</i>. Bountiful, Utah: Heritage Quest
Genealogical Services, division of AGLL, Inc., 1998. ISBN 1-877677-69-8<o:p></o:p></span></span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-90321365577552325862014-03-26T00:30:00.000-07:002014-03-26T00:30:02.639-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: Quakers from the North Midlands<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Quakers
who came to the Delaware Valley and especially to William Penn’s colony of
Pennsylvania were primarily from England’s North Midlands. About two-thirds of
this wave of immigrants came from the counties of Yorkshire, Lancashire,
Cheshire, Derby, Nottingham and Staffordshire. The remainder of the settlers were
from Bristol and London. (Source: </span>Dollarhide, William. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">British Origins of American Colonists,
1629-1775</i>. Bountiful, Utah: Heritage Quest Genealogical Services, division
of AGLL, Inc., 1998. ISBN 1-877677-69-8)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">A notable exception to these geographic generalities is William Penn himself. The son of an admiral, Penn was born in 1644 and lived much of his first twelve years at his family's country house in Wanstead or at school in Chigwell, Essex. Later at Oxford, he was influenced by the Quaker Thomas Loe. Penn refused to attend chapel and was kicked out for nonconformity. His father eventually sent him to Ireland where he had another estate. While there, Penn connected with Loe again in Cork, and by 1667 he had become a convert and regular attender of Quaker meeting. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In 1675, the
first settlers came to the Delaware River’s eastern shore in what is now New
Jersey but was then known as West Jersey.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">On 29 Aug
2012, I posted a blog entry about the origins and records kept by Quakers. You can easily find it in the list of
topics under, ‘UK Quakers.’<o:p></o:p></span></span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-65807894060350004682014-03-12T00:30:00.000-07:002014-03-12T00:30:01.047-07:00Wisdom Wednesday: UK Origins of the Virginia Cavaliers <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Another
migration began as the Great Migration of Puritans to New England was ending. Settlers
with more conventional religious beliefs came to the Chesapeake Bay region to supplement
the people who had begun settling there in 1607. Between 1641 and 1675, the
face of Virginia would change. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">England
itself was in turmoil. Religious differences between the established church and
the Puritans had taken on political overtones. The Civil War of the 1640s
brought Oliver Cromwell and the Puritans/roundheads to power, and King Charles
I was beheaded. Some of the Royalists or cavaliers needed to leave.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Virginia was
an inviting possibility. Sir William Berkeley who had been knighted by the king
on a battlefield was made Royal Governor of Virginia in 1641. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When he arrived here, Jamestown had 8000 poor
residents. Berkeley quickly set out to reproduce the privileged society he had
known in the West Country of England. He attracted many ‘second sons’ who could
not inherit land in the UK, but having grown up on an estate, this kind of
farming was all they could do.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">All counties
in England are represented in the wave of migration but again a majority came
from two areas – the West Country including the counties of Gloucester,
Somerset, Dorset, Devon, Wiltshire and Hampshire; and London and its
surrounding counties. George Washington’s great grandfather, John Washington,
immigrated to Virginia in 1656. John’s father had been an Essex clergyman.
Essex although usually considered part of East Anglia borders on the city of
London.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">These
families, not those of the earlier, original settlers, are known as the ‘first
families of Virginia.’<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Sources:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Dollarhide,
William. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">British Origins of American
Colonists, 1629-1775</i>. Bountiful, Utah: Heritage Quest Genealogical
Services, division of AGLL, Inc., 1998. ISBN 1-877677-69-8<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Smith, J.R. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pilgrims and Adventurers:</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Essex (England) and the Making of the United
States of America.</i> Chelmsford: Essex Records Office, 1992.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-39904748218143009832014-02-26T00:30:00.000-08:002014-02-26T00:30:00.176-08:00Wisdom Wednesday: British Origins of U.S. Colonists<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Finding the
UK parish where your ancestors lived is one of genealogy’s most
difficult tasks for some of us. If your family came to America before 1837 when civil
(government) registration was required, you must rely on the church records in
a parish. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This week I
found a slim but very helpful book by the famous genealogist, William
Dollarhide.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Dollarhide, William. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">British
Origins of American Colonists, 1629-1775</i>. Bountiful, Utah: Heritage Quest
Genealogical Services, division of AGLL, Inc., 1998. ISBN 1-877677-69-8<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">He suggests “if
an American today has a British ancestor who arrived during the colonial
period, there is a very high chance that he was part of one of these four waves
of migrations.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">From
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">East Anglia</b> came the Puritans to New
England during the Great Migration, 1629 to 1640.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">From
the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">West Country</b> came the cavaliers
and their servants to the Chesapeake, 1641 to 1675.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Quakers
from the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">North Midlands</b> came to the Delaware
Valley, 1675 to 1715.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">People
from the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">English-Scottish borderlands</b>
came to the rural areas of the colonies 1717 to 1775.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tab-stops: 47.25pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">If you know where your colonial ancestor lived in America, you can
begin to pinpoint where he came from in Britain. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">During the
Great Migration about 21,000 Puritans came to the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Although they came from all counties in England, over half came from East
Anglia; Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex plus Cambridge, Hertford, Huntington, Lincoln
and parts of Bedford and Kent. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Another
group of Puritans came from the west of England where the counties of Dorset,
Somerset and Wiltshire meet. Their beliefs were less strict and their customs
different from the East Anglicans so they moved on to Connecticut, Maine and
the Island of Nantucket once on this continent.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">If you check
my post on 2 Oct 2013, you will find information from a book by J.R. Smith about
American connections in Essex, England including John Winthrop and William
Pynchon, Puritans in New England, but he also highlights other Essex men in the
Delaware Valley and Virginia. For example, William Penn was born in Wanstead,
Essex. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Next post:
Details of the Quakers and other groups of British colonists who went to
specific places in America.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-30668215715254278052014-02-12T00:30:00.000-08:002014-02-12T00:30:04.015-08:00Wisdom Wednesday: Scotland By the Numbers <span style="font-family: Calibri;">In 1851 there were 901 parishes in Scotland with a total
population of 2,888,742 people. The country had grown by about 250,000 since
1841, when the population was 2,620,184. Ten years later, in 1861, the population
had grown again to 3,360,018.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">To get more family friendly facts, you may want to visit the
website </span><a href="http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;">www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">
. Click on the 'Census Timeline' button on the left listing. There you will find a section that highlights each census year with three ‘census
facts’ in the areas of population, culture and health. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For 1851, the 'population fact' is that children
under the age of fifteen were 36 percent of the total, but now that group is only 15
percent. The population is aging. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The 'health fact' for that decade shows that life expectancy for men was 40 years and for women was 44 years. Worse there was a one in seven chance that a baby would die before its first birthday. That's all a little sobering.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Each section also has a few ‘contemporary historical facts’ –
headlines from the decade. In the mid-1850s, “<span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">David Livingstone , the Scottish
missionary-explorer and human rights campaigner, reaches the Victoria Falls and
describes them to a European audience for the first time.”</span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The 1851 census had a religious component. The Established
church was Presbyterian, called the Church of Scotland, and the other groups,
including the Church of England (COE), were classified as non-conformist. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The other sects seem to be mostly Quaker,
Roman Catholic, COE, and the Free Church. The last is a denomination that broke
away from the Church of Scotland in the 1840s. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What was your ancestors’ Scotland like - by the
numbers? Your look into their world will be helped by this site.</span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8998400597272067155.post-19149661036129437002014-01-29T00:26:00.000-08:002014-01-29T00:26:01.022-08:00Wisdom Wednesday – World War I Appeal Tribunal <span style="color: black; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p>Last week The British National Archives announced that they
were posting World War I soldiers diaries to their site: <a href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war</span></a>
. They have the potential of being a fantastic genealogical resource, and there
launch was widely reported by my fellow bloggers so I held off. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><br />
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span>On Thursday, 23 January, the Archives has announced that
they are “making the digitized records the Middlesex Appeal Tribunal, which
heard the cases of men seeking exemption from conscription into the army during
the First World War, available online.” <o:p></o:p><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
The records of the Middlesex Appeal Tribunal include the
cases of over 8,000 individuals, as well as administrative papers reflecting
the changing policy towards conscription as the war progressed. “The records
reveal men seeking exemption on medical, family or economic grounds, as well as
the relatively small proportion wishing not to fight on moral grounds as
conscientious objectors.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span>The Middlesex Appeal Tribunal was one of the county-level
appeal tribunals, part of a national system of tribunals that were established
across the UK to hear applications from men seeking exemption from military
service. The <strong>collection is one of two sets of appeal tribunal records
officially retained</strong> as a benchmark following the end of the war, and provides a
unique insight into the impact of the World War I on families, businesses and
communities far from the battlefields. (Emphasis by this blogger)<o:p></o:p><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
Local and county appeal tribunal records also survive in
many local archives, within personal and local government collections, and with
the Federation of Family History Societies, The National Archives has begun a
survey of surviving material in local collections. <o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Search the case papers through our First World
War 100 web portal at <a href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war</span></a>.
Contact The National Archives with questions relating to the project or the
records at <a href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/contact/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/contact/</span></a>.
Questions might be ‘What is the second place for which the Archives retained records?’
and ‘If they anticipate putting those records online later, when will it be?’</span></o:p> </span>Susan Well, Genealogisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17214078483849577720noreply@blogger.com0